According to the provisions of the standard GB/T 29094-2012 Method for Indicating the State of Copper and Copper Alloys, the method for representing the state of copper and copper alloys is divided into three levels.

01

Firt level status

The first level status is represented by a capital English letter, representing the basic production method of the product. The representation method for the first level state is as follows:

M: Manufacturing status. Suitable for the state obtained through primary manufacturing through casting or hot working.

H: Cold working condition. Suitable for states obtained through different cold working methods and control of deformation.

O: Annealed state. Suitable for changing the mechanical properties or grain size requirements of products through annealing to obtain a state.

T: Heat treatment status. Suitable for solid solution heat treatment or the state obtained by cold working or heat treatment after solid solution heat treatment.

02

2、 Third level status

Adding an Arabic numeral or an uppercase English letter after the first level status indicates the second level status, representing the product function or specific production process.

Adding 1-3 Arabic numerals after the second level status indicates the third level status, representing the final molding method of the product.

1. The second and third level state representation method for manufacturing status (M) is as follows:

Secondary status code:

M0- cast state; M1- Hot forging; M2- Hot rolled; M3- Hot extrusion; M4- Hot Piercing

Third level status code:

Add Arabic numerals 1-8 after M0; Add 0 and 1 after M1; Add 0 and 5 after M2; Add 0 after M3; Add 0 and 5 after M4

M0: M01- Sand casting; M02- Centrifugal casting; M03- Gypsum mold casting; M04- Pressure casting; M05- Metal mold casting (permanent mold casting); M06- Investment casting; M07- Continuous casting; M08- Low pressure casting

M1: M10- hot forging air cooling; M11- hot forging quenching;

M2: M20- Hot rolled; M25- hot rolling+re rolling;

M3: M30- hot extrusion;

M4: M40- Hot piercing; M45- Hot piercing+re rolling

Note 1: The main products supplied in manufacturing state are castings and hot-worked products, and generally do not require further heat treatment.

Note 2: The first number after M increases with the degree of material deformation.

2. The second and third level state representation method for cold working state (H):

The second and third level states of general cold working are divided into two representation methods: cold working state based on cold deformation and cold working state based on strength level.

1) The second and third level state representation method for cold working based on the compliance of cold deformation with standard requirements is as follows:

Secondary status code:

H0- hard and elastic; H1- High elasticity

Third level status code:

Add Arabic numerals 0-6, 8 after H0, and 0, 2-4 after H1;

·H0: H00-1/8 hard; H01-1/4 hard; H02-1/2 hard; H03-3/4 hard; H04- Hard; H06- Extra hard; H08- Elasticity

H1: H10- high elasticity; H12- Special elasticity; H13- Higher elasticity; H14- Ultra high elasticity

Note: This type of status applies to product types such as plates, strips, rods, and wires.

2) The second and third level status representation method for cold working based on meeting the standard requirements of special products:

H5- Pulling; H6- Cold forming; H7- Cold bending; H8- Hard state drawing; H9- Special cold working

H5: H50- hot extrusion+drawing; H52- Hot piercing+drawing; H55- Light drawing, light cold processing; H58- conventional drawing;

H6: H60- Cold forging; H63- Riveting; H64- Spinning; H66- Stamping

H7: H70- Cold bending

H9: H90- Fin forming

Note 1: Products supplied in the above state generally do not require further heat treatment.

Note 2: The first number after H increases with the degree of material deformation.

3. The second and third level states of heat treatment after cold processing are as follows:

HR - Cold working+stress relief; HT - cold working+ordered strengthening; HE - Cold Working+End Annealing

·HR: HR01-1/4 hard+stress relief; HR02- Semi hard+and stress relief; HR04- Hard+and stress relief; HR06- Extra hard+and stress relief; HR08- elasticity+and stress relief; HR10- High elasticity+and stress relief; HR12- Special elasticity+and stress relief; HR50- Pulling+stress relief; HR90- Fin forming+stress relief

HT: HT04- hard+ordered strengthening; HT08- Elasticity+ordered strengthening

HE: HE80- Hard state drawing+end annealing

4. The second and third level state representation method for annealing state (O):

The second and third level states of annealing state (O) are divided into two representation methods: annealing that satisfies the nominal average grain size and annealing that satisfies mechanical properties.

1) The representation method for the second and third level annealing states that meet the nominal average grain size:

OS - Annealing with grain size requirements, followed by adding three digits divided by 1000 to obtain the nominal average grain size, in mm; For example:

The nominal average grain size of OS005 is 0.005mm

The nominal average grain size of OS200 is 0.2mm

2) The second and third level state representation method for annealing that meets mechanical properties:

O1- cast state+heat treatment; O2- hot forging and rolling+heat treatment; O3- hot extrusion+heat treatment; O4- Hot perforation+heat treatment; O5- quenched and tempered annealing; O6- Annealing; O7- Complete softening annealing; O8- Annealed to specific performance

O1: O10- casting+annealing (homogenization); O11- Casting+Precipitation Heat Treatment

O2: O20- hot forging+annealing; O25- Hot rolled+annealed

O3: O30- hot extrusion+annealing; O40- Hot extrusion+precipitation heat treatment

O5: O50- Light annealing

O6: O60- softening annealing; O61- Annealing; O65- tensile annealing; O68- Deep drawing annealing

O7: O70- Complete softening annealing

O8: O80- annealed to 1/8 hard; O81- Annealed to 1/4 hard; O82- Annealed to 1/2 hard

5. The second and third level state representation method for heat treatment state (T):

1) Secondary state code for heat treatment state (T):

TQ - Quenching hardening; TB - Solid solution heat treatment; TF - solid solution heat treatment+precipitation heat treatment; TX - solid solution heat treatment+metastable decomposition heat treatment; TD - solid solution heat treatment+cold processing; TH - solid solution heat treatment+cold processing+precipitation heat treatment; TS - cold working+metastable decomposition heat treatment; TL - precipitation heat treatment or metastable decomposition heat treatment+cold processing; TR - precipitation heat treatment or metastable decomposition heat treatment+cold working+stress relief; TM - Processing waste heat quenching and hardening

2) The three-level state code for heat treatment state (T):

Add two Arabic numerals after the secondary status code, as follows:

TQ: TQ00- Quenching hardening; TQ30- quenching hardening+annealing; TQ50- quenching and hardening+quenching and tempering annealing; TQ55- quenching and hardening+quenching and tempering annealing+cold drawing+stress relief; TQ75- Intermediate Quenching

TB: TB00- Solution Heat Treatment

TF: TF00- solid solution heat treatment+precipitation heat treatment; TF01- Precipitation Heat Treatment Plate - Low Hardening; TF02- Precipitation Heat Treatment Plate - High Hardening

TX: TX00- Precipitation Heat Treatment Plate - High Hardening

The two Arabic numerals added after the secondary status codes TD, TH, TS, TL, TR, TM represent the degree of cold work hardening, and 00 represents 1/8 hardness; 01 represents 1/4 hard; 02 represents 1/2 hard; 04 represents hard; 06 represents extremely hard; 08 represents elasticity; 10 represents high elasticity; 12 represents special elasticity; 13 represents higher elasticity; 14 represents ultra-high elasticity.

The two digit, three level status codes and names added to these secondary status codes are as follows:

Add two Arabic numerals after TD as 00, 01, 02, 03, 04, 08, and their three-level status codes and names, such as TD00- solution heat treatment+cold working (1/8 hard); TD08- Solution Heat Treatment+Cold Working (Elastic)

TH03- Solid solution heat treatment+cold working (3/4 hard)+precipitation heat treatment

Add two Arabic numerals after TS, namely 00, 01, 02, 03, 04, 06, 08, 10, 12, 13, and 14, with their three-level status codes and names, such as TS14- cold working (ultra high elasticity)+metastable decomposition hardening

Add two Arabic numerals after TL as 00, 01, 02, 04, 08, 10, and their three-level status codes and names, such as TL10- precipitation heat treatment or metastable decomposition heat treatment+cold processing (high elasticity)

Add two Arabic numerals 01, 02, and 04 after TR, with their three-level status codes and names, such as TR01- precipitation heat treatment or metastable decomposition heat treatment+cold working (1/4 hard)+stress relief

Add two Arabic numerals 00, 01, 02, 03, 04, 06, 08 after TM, and their three-level status codes and names, such as TM02- processing waste heat quenching+cold working (1/2 hard)

6. The second and third level state representation method for welded pipe state (W):

After refined processing (re annealing, re cold processing) after welding, the welding area has become a processing structure and can use general state codes. This type of state representation method is coded with O, OS, and H based on the specific situation after refinement.

Secondary status code and name for welded pipe status (W):

WM - Welding status; WO - Annealed state after welding; WC - Light cold processing after welding; WH - Cold drawn state after welding; WR - Welded pipe+cold drawing+stress relief

Adding two Arabic numerals after the second level status code is the third level status code. The following are the third level codes and names: the two Arabic numerals 00, 01, 02, 03, 04, 06, 08, and 10 mentioned above respectively represent the hardening state, which applies here.

The two Arabic numerals added after TM are: 50, 00, 01, 02, 03, 04, 06, 08, 10, 15, 20, 21, 22, 24. The examples of their three-level status codes and names are as follows:

TM50- welded from annealed strips; TM00- welded from 1/8 hard strip material; TM15- welding with annealed strip and stress relief;

TM20- welded with 1/8 hard strip and stress relieved; TM21- Welding with 1/4 hard tape+stress relief;

TM22- Welding with 1/2 hard strip+stress relief; TM24- Welding with 3/4 hard tape+stress relief

The two Arabic numerals added after WO are: 50, 60, 61, and their three-level status codes and names are as follows:

WO - welding+light annealing; WO60- Welding+Soft Annealing; WO61- Welding+Annealing

The two Arabic numerals added after WC are: 55, with its three-level status code and name WC55- Welding+Light Cold Working

The two Arabic numerals added after WH are: 00, 01, 02, 03, 04, 06, 55, 58, 60, and their three-level status codes and names are as follows:

WH00- Welding+Drawing (1/8 hard); WH55- Welding+cold rolling or light drawing; WH58- Welding+cold rolling or conventional drawing; WH80- Welding+Cold Rolling or Hard Drawing

The two Arabic numerals added after WR are: 00, 01, 02, 03, 04, 06, and their three-level status codes and names are as follows:

WR00- consisting of 1/8 hard strip welding, drawing, and stress relief; WR06- Welding+Drawing+Stress Relieving by Extra Hard Strip

Article source: GB/T 29094-2012

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