Beryllium is a sensitive metal of great concern to the major military powers in the world. After more than 50 years of independent development, China's beryllium industry has basically formed a complete industrial system. In Beryllium Industry, the metal beryllium is the least used but the most important. It is a strategic and key resource related to national security and has key applications in the fields of national defense and military industry, aerospace and strategic nuclear energy Beryllium Copper Alloy is widely used in industry because of its largest usage and largest total market. US embargo on pure beryllium and beryllium-copper parent alloy. Beryllium copper alloy is a kind of non-ferrous alloy elastic material with excellent comprehensive properties, which is called "King of Elasticity" , with high strength, high hardness, corrosion resistance, high conductivity, high thermal conductivity, fatigue resistance, corrosion resistance, small elastic hysteresis, non-magnetic, no spark impact and other excellent performance. Therefore, the main application of beryllium is beryllium copper alloy. It is estimated that 65% of beryllium in the market is in the form of beryllium copper alloy.

General Situation of beryllium industry abroad only the United States, Kazakhstan and China have complete beryllium industry system of industrial scale from beryllium ore mining, extraction metallurgy to beryllium metal and alloy processing. The United States is the world's largest beryllium industry, representing the world's production technology level, beryllium industry in the world absolute advantage, in a leading and leading position. The United States controls global beryllium trade by supplying beryllium raw materials, semi-processed materials, and final products to many beryllium product manufacturers worldwide, both in the United States and abroad. Japan is limited by the lack of beryllium ore resources, does not have the full industrial chain capacity, but in the secondary processing technology, beryllium industry in the world plays an important role. Materion is the only integrated manufacturer of all beryllium products in the world. There are two main subsidiaries, one of which produces beryllium alloys in the industrial domain, beryllium copper alloy sheets, strips, wires, tubes, rods, etc. . The other focuses on high-end applications such as defence, producing beryllium materials including nuclear grade, structural grade, instrument grade and optical grade, and high-value beryllium-aluminum alloys for aerospace applications. Japanese obstacle (NGK) is the world's second-largest beryllium copper producer, formerly known as the Japanese Obstacle Metals Company. Beryllium copper alloy production began in 1958, Japan's insulation (Nippongaishi) is a wholly-owned subsidiary. In 1986, Nippon Insulators purchased the Beryllium Copper Division of the CABOT Corporation and renamed it NGK, creating a beryllium copper rival to Materion. Obstacle metals is the world's largest importer of beryllium oxide (the main sources are Materion USA and the Urba metallurgical plant in Kazakhstan) . Current NGK annual production capacity of beryllium copper is estimated at more than 6000 tons. Urba is the only beryllium smelter in the former Soviet Union. It is now in Kazakhstan. Prior to the collapse of the Soviet Union, the production of Beryllium at the Urba metallurgical plant was highly secretive and little known. In 2000, the Urba Metallurgical Plant received an investment of US $25 million from Materion to finance the production of beryllium for the first two years of the Urba metallurgical plant and to upgrade its equipment, in return for some new technology, urba metallurgical supplies Materion exclusively with beryllium products, mainly beryllium ingots and beryllium copper masteralloys (available until 2012) . In 2005, the five-year investment plan was completed at the Urba metallurgical plant, with an annual production capacity of 170-190 tons of beryllium products, 3,000 tons of beryllium-copper master alloys and 1,000 tons of beryllium-copper alloy products. Wuerba metallurgical works has set up a wholly-owned subsidiary company in Shanghai, China: Wuzhong Metallurgical Products (Shanghai) Co. , Ltd. . After years of development, UZ metallurgical products (Shanghai) Co. , Ltd. has become one of the most important suppliers of beryllium copper master alloys in China, East Asia and Southeast Asia. In the Chinese mainland, it peaked at more than 70% market share.

General Situation of Beryllium Industry China's beryllium industry, after decades of development, has formed a complete industrial system from ore mining, extraction metallurgy to beryllium metal and alloy processing. The main market products in the beryllium industry chain are beryllium compounds, beryllium metal, beryllium alloys, beryllium oxide ceramics and metal-beryllium composites. Major enterprises include state-owned enterprises such as Orient Tantalum and beryllium minmetals, as well as smaller private enterprises. In 2018, China produced 50 tons of pure beryllium. US EMBARGO ON BERYLLIUM AND BERYLLIUM-COPPER MASTER ALLOYS to China. The least used but most important metal in the industry is beryllium. Beryllium is mainly used in defense, aerospace, strategic resources, the most critical defense applications are in strategic nuclear missiles. In addition, the invention also comprises a satellite frame part and a structure component, a satellite mirror body, a rocket nozzle, a gyroscope and a navigation and weapon control component, an electronic package, a data communication system and a mirror body of a high-power laser; The nuclear pure grade metal beryllium is also used for research experiments on nuclear fission and fusion power. Beryllium Copper Alloy is the most widely used in the industrial chain. It is estimated that more than 80% of the beryllium dihydroxide is used to produce beryllium copper masteralloys (beryllium content 4%) . The parent alloy is diluted with pure copper to produce beryllium copper alloys containing 0.1 ~ 2% beryllium, including various types of beryllium copper alloy profiles (bars, strips, plates, wires, tubes) , these profiles are used by finishing firms to process components for industrial applications such as consumer electronics. The production of beryllium-copper alloy is generally divided into two parts, the upstream is ore mining, extraction and smelting of beryllium-copper Parent Alloy (beryllium content is generally 4%) , and the downstream is beryllium-copper parent alloy as additive, copper is added to be further smelted and processed into beryllium-copper alloy sections (tubes, strips, rods, wires, plates, etc.) . Each alloy product is subdivided into different grades due to its non-performance.

Third, the beryllium copper master alloy market, production capacity concentrated in a small number of enterprises, the United States occupied a leading position. Beryllium Copper Alloy production technology threshold is high, the whole industry is relatively concentrated, each subdivided brand or category only a few suppliers, or a super manufacturer. Due to the scarcity of resources and leading technology, leading to the United States Materion occupies a leading position, Japan's NGK and Kazakhstan's Urba Metallurgical Plant also has a strong strength, domestic enterprises overall lag behind. Beryllium copper alloy profile market, domestic products are concentrated in the low-end areas, in the high-end market has a larger alternative demand and price space. Whether Beryllium Copper Alloy, or beryllium copper alloy profiles, domestic enterprises are still in the catch-up phase, products mainly in the low-end market, prices are often half of the United States, Japan, or even lower. The reason is still limited by smelting technology, process stability. This means that in the domestic production of low manufacturing costs, such as master or integration of certain beryllium copper smelting technology, products are expected to cut into the middle-end market price advantage. High-purity beryllium (99.99%) and beryllium-copper master alloys are the key raw materials that the United States prohibits from exporting to China. 

Source: Web Collation

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