On March 5 and 8, during the "Ministerial Channel" of this year's two sessions, He Lifeng, vice chairman of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference and Chairman of the National Development and Reform Commission Committee, and Liu Kun, minister of finance, minister of Agriculture and Rural Areas Tang Renjian, Minister of Science and Technology Wang Zhigang, minister of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology of the People's Republic of China Xiao Yaqing and Minister of Commerce Wang Wentao were among the guests, this paper focuses on the government work report, China's economic trend, the 14th five-year plan, how to construct a new development pattern, how to develop the manufacturing industry, and how to deepen the reform of the scientific and technological system. Ministers responded to the "dry goods" for the follow-up development of the manufacturing sector to add vitality, add momentum, "focus. ".

China's manufacturing outlook is promising, He Lifeng says: GDP growth of more than 6%

The targets and tasks for this year have already been set, and a GDP growth rate of over 6% has been proposed. From the January and February of this year, China's economy continued the trend of the second half of last year, especially since the fourth quarter, maintaining a steady and positive trend. Export growth may exceed 50% in January and February, PMI and other leading indicators have remained above 50% , and the growth rate of electricity consumption and power generation has remained above 20% , the increase rate of freight index, such as daily loading of railway, has been kept above 10% . All this shows that Chinese enterprises have a strong ability to adapt to the development and changes of the situation, the resilience of the Chinese economy is very strong, and the aftereffect of China's economic development is very strong.

After years of implementing supply-side structural reform and promoting high-quality development, emerging industries are in the ascendant, and the traditional manufacturing industry is accelerating its development in the direction of high-end, intelligent and green, china's industrial sector complete, the system is increasingly prominent advantages, the prospects for the future.

Xiao Yaqing: to do better and strengthen the real economy

The CPC Central Committee and the State Council have always attached great importance to the development of manufacturing industry. General Secretary Xi Jinping has repeatedly stressed that the manufacturing sector is the lifeblood of the national economy and that the real economy should be made better and stronger. Xiao Yaqing believes that the general secretary's directive is not only to further increase the total amount of manufacturing with the development of the economy, but also to achieve high-quality development. Ministry of Industry and Information Technology from the following aspects to strengthen the work: first, to maintain the integrity of the industrial chain. To implement strong chain complementary action, the weak and short-board complementary, so that at any time, the manufacturing industry is support, can not "drop the chain. ". Second, high-quality development is needed. In the high-end intelligent green to make the level of manufacturing industry in the original base to further improve. Third, supply-side structural reform. To modernize traditional industries, we need to develop strategic emerging industries, such as 5G, new materials, new equipment, and communications technology and chips that we care about. However, the development of emerging industries, but also can not engage in blind duplication of construction, to prevent the "herd together. ". Fourth, we should encourage the development of industrial clusters. During the period of the 13th five-year plan, China's dominant industrial clusters have developed very well. Next, we will be in accordance with the market, the rule of law principle, the advantage cluster further well. Fifth, encourage the development of leading enterprises, especially leading enterprises. These enterprises as a system integrator, can continuously lead the development of the industry. Six is to make good use of two markets and two resources. To keep the proportion of the manufacturing industry basically stable is a process of development and a process of long-term achievement and persistence. In the process, we must persist in reform and opening up. Globalization of international industrial chain and International Industrial Division of Labor are the trend of the times. Therefore, we must further open up, deepen cooperation with all parties and achieve more international development.

Xiao Yaqing: promoting the digital transformation of manufacturing industry

The future development of Industrial Internet, one is to lay a good foundation. In the next few years, on the basis of the original, we should lay a good foundation for the development of Industrial Internet. We feel that the coming years will continue to be a critical period for the development of the Industrial Internet. The second is to work on the integration. It is to ensure that in the development of industrial internet, every industry, every enterprise and every level are integrated with each other, and more innovative applications are produced through industrial internet, so that it can play a supporting and promoting role for economic development. Third, in the development of the Industrial Internet, we should strike a good balance between development and security. With the development of the Industrial Internet, we are also concerned about security issues and the protection of intellectual property rights. With one hand, we are firmly committed to development; with the other, we are firmly committed to ensuring security and protecting intellectual property rights. We should combine the two, promoting the healthy and orderly development of the Industrial Internet. Industrial Internet development, the future prospects are very good, now there are many applications of the scene, has been shown in various places. Next, with the development of "5G + Industrial Internet" , there will be more practical applications. These developments will present more good applications for people to meet their growing needs for a better life, also for the economic development to provide more carriers, platforms and integration of space.

Implementing a proactive Fiscal Policy, Liu Kun: Fiscal Policy is more sustainable and broader, and the proactive fiscal policy emphasizes more sustainable and covers a wide range of issues. This is reflected in this year's budget arrangement, which has three characteristics: First, fiscal policy remains basically stable, no sharp turns. The deficit rate this year, the limit of special bonds of local governments has dropped from last year, but compared with 2019, the total deficit is 3.57 trillion yuan, an increase of 0.81 trillion yuan, and the limit of special bonds of local governments has increased by 3.65 trillion yuan, by 1.5 trillion yuan. The central government's fiscal expenditure at the corresponding level has registered negative growth for two consecutive years, and the funds saved are used to increase the transfer payments to the local governments. This year, the central government's transfer payments to the local governments have increased slightly from last year, with a scale of more than 8.3 trillion yuan. Second, the fiscal policy in the coming years to do a good job of linking up, leaving room. In recent years, China has continued to implement tax reduction and fee reduction, and the ratio of tax revenue to GDP has continued to decline, currently remaining at the level of 15.2% . In the world economy, the ratio is the lowest, reflecting the benefits to enterprises and benefit the people. We will continue to improve government debt management and keep the macro leverage ratio of government departments basically stable. We will both maintain the necessary level of spending for economic recovery and reserve policy space for dealing with risks and challenges in the future. Third, resolve the hidden financial risks, persist in resolving the hidden debt risks of local governments, resolutely guard against the risks of grass-roots "three guarantees" expenditure, to ensure the sound operation of financial and economic and sustainable.

Liu Kun: continue to implement tax reduction and fee reduction

Reducing taxes and fees is an important measure to stabilize enterprises, preserve employment, and promote the relief and development of market players. We will resolutely implement the decisions and plans of the CPC Central Committee and the State Council, and strive to improve relevant policies so that enterprises will have a greater sense of gain. First, the systematic policy of reducing taxes and fees will continue to be implemented. In recent years, the reform of value-added tax and the special additional deduction of individual income tax have been deepened. The policy of reducing taxes and fees has been implemented continuously. Second, the phased policy of reducing taxes and fees should be withdrawn at the right time. On the basis of research and demonstration, some of the phased policy of reducing taxes and fees introduced in 2020 should be extended appropriately, and some of it should be stopped after its expiration, so as not to engage in "sudden braking" . Third, the tax and fee concessions for small and micro enterprises should be strengthened. While implementing the policy of universal tax reduction and fee reduction for small and micro enterprises, we will further increase the tax reduction and exemption for small and micro enterprises and individual industrial and commercial households, consolidate and expand the effectiveness of the policy, and increase the vitality and development potential of small and micro enterprises. Fourth, resolutely stop the "three chaos" behavior, strengthen the regulation of all kinds of illegal charges related to enterprises, resolutely crack down on arbitrary charges, arbitrary fines, arbitrary apportionment.

Pay attention to innovation and deepen the reform of science and technology system

Wang Zhigang: basic scientific research and original innovation will be placed in a more important position, basic research in the work of the Party and the country, in the national overall situation of science and technology, to be placed in an even more important position. First of all, we should formulate a ten-year action plan for basic research, carry out more scientific and optimized top-level design and system layout, so that basic research can be systematically distributed and promoted systematically in our country. Second, we will continue to increase investment in basic research. Now it is 6% . We should strive for the 14th five-year plan to make basic research account for about 8% of the total R & D investment. Third, the basic research should be more emphasis on national strategic goal orientation and freedom to explore "two legs" to walk. Fourth, young scientists and technicians should be encouraged to devote themselves to basic research. Fifthly, we should build some research centers and platforms for basic disciplines. During the "Fifteen" period, we built 13 national applied mathematics centers, which were fully recognized and praised by the scientific and technological circles. In addition, in the basic research of the ecological environment, evaluation criteria and support, we will continue to reform.

Wang Zhigang: basic scientific research and original innovation will be placed in a more important position, basic research in the work of the Party and the country, in the national overall situation of science and technology, to be placed in an even more important position. First of all, we should formulate a ten-year action plan for basic research, carry out more scientific and optimized top-level design and system layout, so that basic research can be systematically distributed and promoted systematically in our country. Second, we will continue to increase investment in basic research. Now it is 6% . We should strive for the 14th five-year plan to make basic research account for about 8% of the total R & D investment. Third, the basic research should be more emphasis on national strategic goal orientation and freedom to explore "two legs" to walk. Fourth, young scientists and technicians should be encouraged to devote themselves to basic research. Fifthly, we should build some research centers and platforms for basic disciplines. During the "Fifteen" period, we built 13 national applied mathematics centers, which were fully recognized and praised by the scientific and technological circles. In addition, in the basic research of the ecological environment, evaluation criteria and support, we will continue to reform.

To further optimize the business environment, Xiao Yaqing: to promote the healthy and sustainable development of small and medium-sized enterprises, small and medium-sized enterprises in the country's economic and social development has a pivotal position. Premier Li Keqiang made 19 references to smes in his government work report, setting clear requirements for the next step in SME development, especially for this year's work. First of all, we need to put into practice the policies we have put in place and see the actual results. In the past, the state has issued many policies, and various ministries and departments have also issued many policies for the development of small and medium-sized enterprises. We should further implement these policies. Second, to do a good job service. It should be noted that at present, the development of small and medium-sized enterprises is facing many uncertain factors, and many small and medium-sized enterprises still have many practical difficulties in the process of production and operation. As the competent department of Small and medium-sized enterprises, we should, in accordance with the actual difficulties encountered in the development process of small and medium-sized enterprises, provide targeted services in various areas. At the same time, the number of small and medium-sized enterprises is large and extensive. The introduction of relevant support policies and the implementation of these policies, in addition to relying on government departments, also look forward to the location of the large number of small and medium-sized enterprises, combined with the actual launch and implementation of more sophisticated policies, these policies may be more targeted. We will effectively implement the deployment of the Government Work Report and promote the sustainable and healthy development of small and medium-sized enterprises.

Wang Wentao: to continue to stabilize and expand consumption, as our country's control of the epidemic continues to improve, and the economic recovery continues to improve, coupled with a series of bailout policies for enterprises, the overall assessment of consumption this year, it should be in a recovery of rapid growth, this is a general judgment. First, traditional consumption needs to be upgraded. Second, we need to cultivate a new type of consumption. Third, the consumption platform should be innovative. Fourth, the consumption environment should be improved, especially the consumption network should be sound. Wang Wentao: further opening up to the outside world, opening up to the outside world is the path to success that we have been unswervingly following. This year, we will step up efforts to attract more investment, open wider to the outside world and create a favorable environment. We have issued a negative list for foreign investment, 33 for the 2020 national edition, 30 for the pilot Free Trade Zone edition and 27 for the Hainan free trade port. On that basis, this year it will shrink as much as possible, meaning that the doors will be opened wider and the barriers lowered to make it easier for foreign investment to enter, and the Ministry of Commerce is working on a negative list for cross-border trade in services. Second, open platforms need to be more realistic. We have 21 pilot free trade zones and a Hainan free trade port, and we have 217 Economic and Technological Development Zones to make these platforms more realistic. At a new and higher level, the opening-up should shift gradually from the flowing opening of commodities and factors to the systematic opening-up of rules, regulations, management and standards. Third, the open environment needs to be better. The main task is to further create a market-oriented, rule-of-law, international business environment, so that after the entry of foreign capital into China, can be relieved, assured, assured development, and share the dividends of China's development. Fourth, open cooperation should be deeper and broader. We will promote the early entry into force and implementation of RCEP, formally sign the china-eu investment agreement as soon as possible, actively push forward negotiations on the china-japan-rok FTA, and actively consider joining the CPTPP. 

Source: Non-ferrous Metal, by Yu Lu

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